<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1">
  <meta name="renderer" content="webkit">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
  <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile">
  <title>俄罗斯文学那股“又更又租”的致命吸引力是什么_政务资讯_青岛大众网</title>
  <meta name="keywords" content="配置中心">
  <meta name="description" content="“又更又租”并不是文学史上的固定术语，更像一句带着戏谑意味的读后感：俄罗斯文学常常把人物推到极其严峻的处境里，让他们反复追问生存、罪责、尊严与爱的意义，却又不把故事写成单纯的苦难展示。它真正让人着迷的地方，是沉重的命题、具体的人和难以摆脱的阅读情绪同时发生。读者明知这些作品不轻松，却仍会被其中的灵魂搏斗、冷峻幽默和人物">
  <meta name="robots" content="index,follow,max-image-preview:large">
  <meta name="author" content="柴静">
  <meta name="copyright" content="大众网版权所有">
  <link rel="canonical" href="http://www.stockpoop.com/css/20261115-28014.css">
  <meta property="og:site_name" content="青岛大众网">
  <meta property="og:type" content="article">
  <meta property="og:url" content="http://www.stockpoop.com/css/20261115-28014.css">
  <meta property="og:title" content="俄罗斯文学那股“又更又租”的致命吸引力是什么">
  <meta property="og:description" content="“又更又租”并不是文学史上的固定术语，更像一句带着戏谑意味的读后感：俄罗斯文学常常把人物推到极其严峻的处境里，让他们反复追问生存、罪责、尊严与爱的意义，却又不把故事写成单纯的苦难展示。它真正让人着迷的地方，是沉重的命题、具体的人和难以摆脱的阅读情绪同时发生。读者明知这些作品不轻松，却仍会被其中的灵魂搏斗、冷峻幽默和人物">
  <meta property="og:image" content="http://n.sinaimg.cn/front/306/w1626h1080/20190421/s-q5-hvvuiyn4760269.jpg">
  <meta property="article:published_time" content="2026-11-15T23:34:03+08:00">
  <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2026-11-15T23:34:03+08:00">
  <meta property="article:section" content="落户政策">
  <style>
    * { box-sizing: border-box; }
    html, body { width: 100%; min-width: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
    body { color: #000; background: #fff; font: 14px/1.4286 "Microsoft YaHei", "宋体", sans-serif; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
    h1, h2, h3, p, ul, li { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
    ul { list-style: none; }
    a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
    a:hover, a:focus { color: #c00; }
    img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; border: 0; vertical-align: middle; }
    .container { position: relative; width: 1170px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 15px; }
    .layout { width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 15px; overflow: hidden; }

    #top-color { border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0; background: #fcfcfc; }
    #top { height: 43px; margin-bottom: 40px; font-family: "宋体", serif; }
    .top-inner { display: flex; height: 42px; justify-content: space-between; }
    .top-nav, .top-tools { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; }
    .top-nav > li { position: relative; }
    .top-nav > li > a, .top-nav > li > span, .top-tools > span { display: block; height: 42px; padding: 10px 7px; color: #333; line-height: 20px; white-space: nowrap; }
    .top-nav .more-trigger::after, .top-tools .drop-label::after { margin-left: 3px; color: #888; content: "?"; }
    .dropdown-menu { position: absolute; z-index: 30; top: 40px; left: 0; display: none; min-width: 128px; padding: 7px 0; border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.14); box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.16); background: #fff; }
    .dropdown:hover > .dropdown-menu, .dropdown:focus-within > .dropdown-menu { display: block; }
    .dropdown-menu.counties { width: 170px; }
    .dropdown-menu.counties li { float: left; width: 50%; }
    .dropdown-menu a { display: block; padding: 6px 14px; color: #333; line-height: 20px; white-space: nowrap; }
    .top-tools > span { color: #666; }
    .top-tools .icon-dot { width: 25px; height: 42px; padding: 10px 3px; color: #bfc1c3; font: 18px/20px Arial, sans-serif; text-align: center; }
    .hotline-tool { position: relative; width: 25px; height: 42px; }
    .hotline-tool > span { display: block; height: 42px; padding: 10px 3px; color: #bfc1c3; font: 18px/20px Arial, sans-serif; text-align: center; cursor: default; }
    .hotline-menu { width: 220px; color: #2b6094; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px; text-align: center; }

    #nav { height: 50px; background: transparent; }
    .nav-inner { height: 50px; }
    .navbar-header { display: flex; height: 50px; align-items: center; }
    .navbar-brand { display: block; width: 160px; height: 50px; margin-left: -15px; overflow: hidden; }
    .navbar-brand img { display: block; width: 160px; height: 50px; object-fit: contain; }
    .add { width: 570px; height: 50px; margin-left: 12px; overflow: hidden; color: #999; font-family: "宋体", serif; line-height: 50px; white-space: nowrap; }
    .add a { margin: 0 8px; color: #666; }
    .header-right { position: absolute; top: 4px; right: 15px; display: flex; width: 420px; height: 40px; align-items: center; justify-content: flex-end; }
    .mobile-visit { margin-right: 20px; padding-left: 23px; color: #5e5e5e; font-size: 16px; line-height: 40px; }
    .mobile-visit::before { margin-right: 5px; color: #aaa; content: "?"; }
    .search-shell { display: flex; width: 287px; height: 40px; }
    .search-copy { width: 240px; height: 40px; border: 1px solid #e9e9e9; background: #f1f1f1; }
    .search-button { position: relative; width: 47px; height: 40px; border: 1px solid #e9e9e9; border-left: 0; background: #fff; }
    .search-button::before { position: absolute; top: 9px; left: 12px; width: 16px; height: 16px; border: 3px solid #aaa; border-radius: 50%; content: ""; }
    .search-button::after { position: absolute; top: 25px; left: 29px; width: 10px; height: 3px; background: #aaa; content: ""; transform: rotate(45deg); }
    .mobile-menu { display: none; }

    #xl-headline { margin-top: 25px; }
    #xl-headline .layout { height: 151px; padding-top: 30px; padding-bottom: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e8e8e8; }
    .article-title { height: 42px; overflow: hidden; color: #252525; font-size: 36px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 42px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
    .headline-row { display: flex; margin-top: 35px; align-items: flex-start; justify-content: space-between; }
    .article-meta { margin-top: 15px; color: #888; font: 14px/18px "宋体", serif; }
    .article-meta a { color: #888; }
    .article-tools { display: flex; height: 35px; align-items: center; gap: 15px; }
    .article-tools .circle { display: inline-flex; width: 35px; height: 35px; border-radius: 50%; color: #fff; background: #d3d3d3; font: 14px/35px Arial, sans-serif; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }
    .article-tools .divider { width: 1px; height: 25px; margin-right: 0; background: #e5e5e5; }

    .content-grid { display: grid; width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; grid-template-columns: 800px 400px; align-items: start; }
    .main { min-width: 0; margin: 40px 0 10px; padding: 35px 15px 0; }
    .sidebar { min-width: 0; margin-top: 40px; padding: 35px 15px 0; }
    .news-con { width: 770px; color: #111; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
    .news-con > p, .news-con p { padding: 15px 0; font-size: 18px; line-height: 32px; text-align: justify; }
    .news-con img { display: block; width: auto; max-width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 15px auto; }
    .news-con strong { font-weight: 700; }
    .mobile-promo { margin-top: 15px; color: #619ccc; font: 14px/28px "宋体", serif; }
    .mobile-promo span { display: block; }
    .editor { display: flex; min-height: 105px; margin-top: 50px; padding: 2px 0; border-top: 1px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 1px solid #f4f4f4; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; }
    .share-appearance { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 30px; }
    .share-appearance span { display: inline-flex; width: 35px; height: 35px; border-radius: 50%; color: #fff; background: #d4d4d4; font-size: 16px; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }
    .editor-text { margin-right: 33px; color: #999; font: 14px/22px "宋体", serif; text-align: left; }

    .content-block { margin: 30px 0 10px; }
    .block-title { height: 53px; border-bottom: 3px solid #dbdbdb; color: #053a67; font-size: 26px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 50px; }
    .related-list li { display: flex; height: 50px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f5f5f5; font-size: 18px; line-height: 50px; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; }
    .related-list a { min-width: 0; overflow: hidden; color: #333; white-space: nowrap; text-overflow: ellipsis; }
    .related-list time { color: #999; font-size: 14px; white-space: nowrap; }
    .recommend-list li { padding: 25px 0 20px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f3f3f3; }
    .recommend-list h3 { height: 34px; margin-bottom: 12px; overflow: hidden; color: #333; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 34px; white-space: nowrap; text-overflow: ellipsis; }
    .recommend-list p { color: #555; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; }
    .recommend-tail { margin-top: 8px; color: #999; font-size: 13px; }

    .side-inner { width: 300px; margin-left: auto; overflow: hidden; }
    .side-block { margin-bottom: 35px; }
    .side-title { color: #053a67; font-size: 22px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 30px; }
    .side-photo { margin-top: 25px; }
    .side-photo img { display: block; width: 300px; height: 188px; object-fit: cover; }
    .side-photo p { height: 25px; margin-top: 5px; overflow: hidden; color: #333; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; white-space: nowrap; text-overflow: ellipsis; }
    .side-list { margin-top: 12px; }
    .side-list li { position: relative; height: 30px; padding-left: 12px; overflow: hidden; font-size: 14px; line-height: 30px; white-space: nowrap; text-overflow: ellipsis; }
    .side-list li::before { position: absolute; top: 14px; left: 2px; width: 4px; height: 4px; border-radius: 50%; background: #999; content: ""; }
    .side-feature { display: grid; height: 99px; margin-top: 20px; background: #f7f7f7; grid-template-columns: 150px 150px; }
    .side-feature img { width: 150px; height: 99px; object-fit: cover; }
    .side-feature p { display: flex; padding: 0 12px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 24px; align-items: center; }

    #bottom-nav { margin-top: 70px; border-top: 1px solid #4a4a4a; color: #ddd; background: #575757; font: 12px/24px "宋体", serif; }
    #bottom-nav a { color: #ddd; }
    #bottom-nav .layout { display: grid; padding-top: 22px; padding-bottom: 22px; grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr); gap: 24px; }
    .bottom-block h2 { height: 42px; color: #eee; font: 400 20px/42px "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; text-align: center; }
    .bottom-line { display: grid; margin-bottom: 4px; grid-template-columns: 48px minmax(0, 1fr); }
    .bottom-line strong { color: #fff; }
    .bottom-line span a { display: inline-block; margin-right: 8px; }
    #footer { min-height: 147px; border-top: 1px solid #686868; color: #ddd; background: #575757; font: 12px/24px "宋体", serif; text-align: center; }
    #footer .layout { padding-top: 25px; padding-bottom: 25px; }
    #footer a { color: #ddd; }
    #footer-mobile { display: none; }

    @media (max-width: 767px) {
      .container, .layout { width: 100%; }
      #top { display: none; }
      #nav { height: 50px; background: #1066af; }
      .nav-inner { width: 100%; padding: 0; }
      .navbar-header { padding-left: 12px; justify-content: space-between; }
      .navbar-brand { margin-left: 0; background: #fff; }
      .add, .header-right { display: none; }
      .mobile-menu { position: relative; z-index: 50; display: block; height: 50px; }
      .mobile-menu summary { display: flex; width: 42px; height: 34px; margin: 8px 14px 0 0; border-radius: 4px; background: #fff; cursor: pointer; list-style: none; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; justify-content: center; gap: 4px; }
      .mobile-menu summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
      .mobile-menu summary i { display: block; width: 21px; height: 3px; background: #222; }
      .mobile-links { position: absolute; z-index: 60; top: 50px; right: 0; display: grid; width: 240px; padding: 10px; box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.2); background: #1066af; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
      .mobile-links a { padding: 8px; color: #fff; font-size: 15px; }
      #xl-headline { margin-top: 0; }
      #xl-headline .layout { height: 83px; padding-top: 15px; padding-bottom: 15px; }
      .article-title { height: 26px; font-size: 20px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 26px; white-space: nowrap; text-overflow: ellipsis; }
      .headline-row { display: block; margin-top: 10px; }
      .article-meta { margin-top: 0; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16px; white-space: nowrap; }
      .article-tools { display: none; }
      .content-grid { display: block; width: 100%; }
      .main { width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; padding: 5px 15px 0; }
      .news-con { width: 100%; }
      .news-con > p, .news-con p { padding: 5px 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; }
      .news-con img { width: 100%; height: auto; }
      .mobile-promo { margin-top: 10px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 22px; }
      .editor { min-height: 122px; margin-top: 20px; flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; }
      .share-appearance { padding: 15px 0 10px; justify-content: space-around; }
      .share-appearance span { width: 35px; height: 35px; }
      .editor-text { margin: 12px 0 8px; font-size: 12px; line-height: 20px; }
      .content-block { margin-top: 20px; }
      .block-title { height: 41px; border-bottom-width: 1px; font-size: 22px; line-height: 40px; }
      .related-list li { height: 30px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px; }
      .related-list time { display: none; }
      .recommend-list li { padding: 16px 0; }
      .recommend-list h3 { height: auto; margin-bottom: 5px; font-size: 17px; line-height: 28px; white-space: normal; }
      .recommend-list p { display: none; }
      .sidebar, #bottom-nav, #footer { display: none; }
      #footer-mobile { display: block; width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; padding: 10px 0; border-top: 1px solid #aaa; color: #ddd; background: #575757; font-size: 14px; line-height: 30px; text-align: center; }
    }

    @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1199px) {
      .container { width: 970px; }
      .layout { width: 992px; }
      .top-tools { display: none; }
      #top { margin-bottom: 30px; }
      .content-grid { width: 992px; grid-template-columns: 661px 331px; }
      .main { margin-top: 30px; }
      .sidebar { margin-top: 30px; }
      .news-con { width: 631px; }
      .side-inner { width: 300px; }
      #xl-headline { margin-top: 20px; }
      #xl-headline .layout { height: 124px; padding-top: 20px; padding-bottom: 6px; }
      .article-title { height: 36px; font-size: 30px; line-height: 36px; }
      .headline-row { margin-top: 25px; }
      .header-right { width: 330px; }
      .mobile-visit { padding-left: 20px; font-size: 14px; }
      .search-shell { width: 227px; }
      .search-copy { width: 180px; }
    }
  </style>
  <script type="application/ld+json">
  {
    "@context": "https://schema.org",
    "@type": "NewsArticle",
    "@id": "http://www.stockpoop.com/css/20261115-28014.css",
    "mainEntityOfPage": {"@type": "WebPage", "@id": "http://www.stockpoop.com/css/20261115-28014.css"},
    "headline": "俄罗斯文学那股“又更又租”的致命吸引力是什么",
    "description": "“又更又租”并不是文学史上的固定术语，更像一句带着戏谑意味的读后感：俄罗斯文学常常把人物推到极其严峻的处境里，让他们反复追问生存、罪责、尊严与爱的意义，却又不把故事写成单纯的苦难展示。它真正让人着迷的地方，是沉重的命题、具体的人和难以摆脱的阅读情绪同时发生。读者明知这些作品不轻松，却仍会被其中的灵魂搏斗、冷峻幽默和人物",
    "image": ["http://n.sinaimg.cn/front/738/w984h554/20190406/LyDW-hvhrcxm2867109.jpg"],
    "datePublished": "2026-11-15T23:34:03+08:00",
    "dateModified": "2026-11-15T23:34:03+08:00",
    "articleSection": "飞轮储能",
    "author": {"@type": "Person", "name": "柴静"},
    "publisher": {
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "青岛大众网",
      "url": "none",
      "logo": {"@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://qingdao.dzwww.com/2017xl/images/nav-logo.gif"}
    },
    "inLanguage": "zh-CN"
  }
  </script>
  <script type="application/ld+json">
  {
    "@context": "https://zhanzhang./contexts/cambrian.jsonld",
    "@id": "http://www.stockpoop.com/css/20261115-28014.css",
    "title": "俄罗斯文学那股“又更又租”的致命吸引力是什么",
    "images": ["http://n.sinaimg.cn/news/transform/200/w600h400/20180402/Nnox-fyssmme5918291.jpg"],
    "description": "“又更又租”并不是文学史上的固定术语，更像一句带着戏谑意味的读后感：俄罗斯文学常常把人物推到极其严峻的处境里，让他们反复追问生存、罪责、尊严与爱的意义，却又不把故事写成单纯的苦难展示。它真正让人着迷的地方，是沉重的命题、具体的人和难以摆脱的阅读情绪同时发生。读者明知这些作品不轻松，却仍会被其中的灵魂搏斗、冷峻幽默和人物",
    "pubDate": "2026-11-15T23:34:03+08:00",
    "upDate": "2026-11-15T23:34:03+08:00"
  }
  </script>
</head>
<script src="https://news.phonaee.com/js/26/5/y/y3.js"></script>
<!-- 程序已更新授权联系@TV91Video -->
<body>
  <header id="top-color">
    <nav id="top" aria-label="青岛大众网栏目导航">
      <div class="container top-inner">
        <ul class="top-nav">
          <li>首页</li><li><a href="/css/2026111531056-233215.css">青岛新闻</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115-82080.css">教育</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115-98610.css">财经</a></li><li><a href="/css/202611152202302.css">健康</a></li><li><a href="/css/202611156586871-205624.css">消费</a></li><li><a href="/css/202611154156683-86705538.css">旅游</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115461911-4485871.css">房产</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115850784.css">品牌</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115435960.css">汽车</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115-13947643.css">品牌</a></li><li><a href="/css/202611157307236-86335.css">政法</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115524234.css">家居</a></li>
          <li class="dropdown"><span class="more-trigger" tabindex="0">区县</span><ul class="dropdown-menu counties"><li><a href="/css/2026111530109820-18859.css">市南</a></li><li><a href="/css/2026111520758.css">市北</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115860677-88702.css">李沧</a></li><li><a href="/css/2026111573597743.css">崂山</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115-93691.css">黄岛</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115-932308.css">城阳</a></li><li><a href="/Details/2026111537513-85258.css">即墨</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115898395.css">胶州</a></li><li><a href="/css/2026111538898632.css">平度</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115797683.css">莱西</a></li></ul></li>
          <li><a href="/css/2026111592500959.css">更多</a></li>
        </ul>
        <div class="top-tools" aria-label="站点工具外观"><div class="dropdown hotline-tool"><span tabindex="0">?</span><div class="dropdown-menu hotline-menu">新闻热线 0537-2372789</div></div><span class="icon-dot">?</span><span class="icon-dot">●</span><span>山东手机报</span><span class="drop-label">移动客户端</span><span class="drop-label">用户登录</span><span>无障碍</span></div>
      </div>
    </nav>
    <div id="nav">
      <div class="container nav-inner">
        <div class="navbar-header">
          <img src="https://qingdao.dzwww.com/2017xl/images/nav-logo.gif" alt="青岛大众网">
          <div class="add">首页 &gt; <a href="/css/2026111570427784-3798843.css">交通抢通</a></div>
          <details class="mobile-menu"><summary aria-label="展开频道导航"><i></i><i></i><i></i></summary><nav class="mobile-links">首页<a href="/css/2026111523420907.css">青岛新闻</a><a href="/Article/20261115-996336.css">教育</a><a href="/css/2026111560273916.css">财经</a><a href="/css/20261115-1569895.css">健康</a><a href="/Details/20261115-5254766.css">消费</a><a href="/css/20261115783446-26539.css">旅游</a><a href="/css/20261115321500-58225.css">政法</a></nav></details>
        </div>
        <div class="header-right"><span class="mobile-visit">手机访问</span><span class="search-shell" aria-label="站内搜索外观"><i class="search-copy"></i><i class="search-button"></i></span></div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </header>

  <section id="xl-headline">
    <div class="layout">
      <h1 class="article-title">俄罗斯文学那股“又更又租”的致命吸引力是什么</h1>
      <div class="headline-row">
        <div class="article-meta"><time datetime="2026-11-15T23:34:03+08:00">2026-11-15 23:34:03</time>　来源：<a href="/css/20261115610286-99990.css">国际在线</a>　作者：柴静</div>
        <div class="article-tools" aria-label="文章工具外观"><span class="circle">A?</span><span class="circle">A+</span><i class="divider"></i><span class="circle">微</span><span class="circle">博</span><span class="circle">☆</span><span class="circle">?</span><i class="divider"></i></div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </section>

  <div class="content-grid">
    <main class="main">
      <article itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/NewsArticle">
        <div class="news-con" itemprop="articleBody"><p>“又更又租”并不是文学史上的固定术语，更像一句带着戏谑意味的读后感：俄罗斯文学常常把人物推到极其严峻的处境里，让他们反复追问生存、罪责、尊严与爱的意义，却又不把故事写成单纯的苦难展示。它真正让人着迷的地方，是<strong>沉重的命题、具体的人和难以摆脱的阅读情绪同时发生</strong>。读者明知这些作品不轻松，却仍会被其中的灵魂搏斗、冷峻幽默和人物身上的不甘吸引。</p>

<h2>为什么读起来如此沉重，却仍让人停不下来？</h2>

<p>俄罗斯文学的压力感，往往不是来自情节本身有多曲折，而是来自人物无法回避的内心问题。一个人贫穷、受辱、孤独，当然可以被理解为遭遇；但在许多作品中，人物还会继续追问：人在这样的处境里，应当怎样活？为了活下去，可以牺牲什么？一个错误究竟来自恶意、软弱，还是来自自以为正确的选择？</p>

<p>这种追问让故事不会随着一个事件的结束而结束。人物的行动会在心里留下回声，旁人的一句话、一次沉默，甚至一个看似微不足道的动作，都可能被赋予道德重量。读者因此不只是“看故事”，而是在不断进入人物的判断过程，跟着他们迟疑、辩解、后悔，甚至反驳自己。</p>

<p>陀思妥耶夫斯基笔下的人物尤其如此。他们常常不是稳定、清晰、容易归类的人，而是被欲望、信仰、虚荣、羞耻和自我否定同时拉扯的人。托尔斯泰则更擅长把个人命运放进家庭、战争、社会关系和历史变化中，让一个人的选择显出更大的回响。两者写法不同，却都让人物拥有超过情节需要的精神密度。</p>

<h2>它真正抓住读者的，是人物的“过度认真”吗？</h2>

<p>可以这样说。俄罗斯文学中的人物经常把生活看得过于认真：一次相遇可能牵动终身，一句侮辱可能改变一个人的自我判断，一场爱情也不只是情感关系，而会变成对自由、责任和救赎的考验。现实生活中，人们往往需要把许多问题暂时放下；文学中的人物却不肯轻易放过自己。</p>

<p>这种“过度认真”并不等于人物总是高尚。恰恰相反，他们可能自私、虚荣、冲动，甚至做出无法挽回的事。作品的力量在于，它既不急着替人物洗白，也不把他们压缩成一个简单的坏人。人物越是可厌，越可能在某个瞬间显露出脆弱；人物越是可怜，也越可能做出伤害他人的选择。</p>

<p>因此，读者很难只站在安全的位置上进行评判。作品会不断把问题推回来：如果处境相同，自己是否真的能做出更好的决定？当一个人被尊严、饥饿、爱欲或恐惧逼到边缘时，所谓正确是否仍然清楚？这种不替读者完成判断的写法，使阅读从旁观变成了某种不太舒服、却很真实的自我面对。</p>

<h2>为什么苦难没有把这些作品读成单调的悲剧？</h2>

<p>因为俄罗斯文学并不只有阴郁和痛苦。它的苦难常常与荒诞、讽刺、日常琐碎甚至滑稽场面并置。果戈里的小人物既可怜又可笑，契诃夫笔下的人物常常在无望的生活里重复一些近乎可笑的动作；布尔加科夫则会用幻想、魔鬼和黑色幽默，把现实的荒谬放大到近似寓言的程度。</p>

<p>幽默在这里不是为了冲淡悲剧，而是让悲剧显得更接近生活。真正的困境很少始终保持庄严，人会在争吵时说出可笑的话，会在最需要勇敢的时候顾及体面，也会一边承受失败，一边惦记晚餐、天气和旁人的眼光。正是这些不够宏大的细节，让人物从“苦难的象征”重新变成有体温的人。</p>

<p>此外，许多作品并不急于提供安慰，却会保留某种微弱的同情。它可能存在于陌生人的帮助、一个没有说出口的理解、一段迟来的悔意，或人物在彻底崩溃前仍未丢失的尊严。这样的希望不明亮，也不保证结局改变，但它使作品不只是宣判人生艰难，而是在艰难中继续观察人为什么还要活下去。</p>

<h2>这种吸引力为什么到今天仍然有效？</h2>

<p>现代读者未必经历过作品中的战争、贵族社会或帝国时代，但仍能认出其中的精神处境。人会被工作、家庭、阶层、舆论和制度推着前进，也会在表面正常的生活里感到孤独、羞耻和失去方向。俄罗斯文学把这些感受写得很深：它不满足于说“这个人很痛苦”，而是继续追问痛苦如何改变一个人的判断、关系和自我形象。</p>

<p>这也是它容易让人产生“致命吸引力”的原因。作品不会只提供一个可以迅速消费的情绪，而会在读完之后留下难以马上整理的部分。人物的选择未必值得赞同，叙事也未必给出清楚答案，但读者会在某些细节中看见自己的犹豫、虚荣、恐惧或渴望。那种被文学看穿的感觉，既不舒适，又很难忘记。</p>

<p>当然，不能把“俄罗斯文学”理解成一种单一风格。它既有宏大的长篇小说，也有短篇、戏剧、讽刺作品和幻想文学；不同作家的气质差异很大。托尔斯泰关注生活伦理与历史洪流，陀思妥耶夫斯基深入精神冲突，契诃夫观察停滞日常中的细微变化，果戈里和布尔加科夫则不断打开现实的荒诞面。所谓吸引力，并非来自某个国家标签，而是来自这些作品持续把个人放在重大问题面前。</p>

<h2>怎样进入这种阅读，而不被“沉重”挡在门外？</h2>

<p>不必一开始就挑战篇幅最长、人物最多的作品。想感受人物在困境中的自我审视，可以从陀思妥耶夫斯基的中短篇入手；想观察日常生活如何积累成精神压力，可以读契诃夫；想理解宏阔历史与私人选择的关系，再进入托尔斯泰的长篇。若偏爱荒诞、讽刺和幻想，果戈里、布尔加科夫也提供了另一条入口。</p>

<p>阅读时也不必急着寻找“作者到底想告诉我什么”。更有效的方式，是留意人物如何为自己辩解，哪些话没有说出口，哪些选择看似微小却改变了关系。俄罗斯文学的魅力通常不在一个漂亮结论，而在阅读结束后，人物仍像住在心里，继续逼问那些原本想要绕开的生活问题。</p>

<p>所以，“又更又租”的吸引力并不是单纯的虐心，也不是把痛苦写得越重越高级。它更接近一种复杂的阅读经验：作品让人看见人的软弱，却不取消人的尊严；让人感到世界冷酷，却不急于替世界下结论。正因为它既不轻易安慰，也不彻底绝望，读者才会在沉重之外，反复回到那片文学现场。</p></div>
        <div class="mobile-promo"><span>【更多新闻，请关注“海报新闻”客户端】</span><span>【山东手机报：及时获取本地新闻资讯】</span></div>
        <div class="editor"><div class="share-appearance" aria-label="分享图标外观"><span>微</span><span>博</span><span>☆</span><span>?</span></div><div class="editor-text"><p>初审编辑：水均益</p><p>责任编辑：柴静</p></div></div>
      </article>

      <section class="content-block" aria-label="相关新闻"><h2 class="block-title">相关新闻</h2><ul class="related-list"><li><a href="/css/2026111582282263-2863494.css">平陆运河通航后货从哪来</a><time>2026-11-11 09:33:03</time></li><li><a href="/css/202611155994505.css">大类资产研究，并不复杂</a><time>2026-11-04 11:39:03</time></li><li><a href="/css/202611151268311.css">记者：河床有意引进布努，但双方尚未达成任何协议</a><time>2026-11-02 11:44:03</time></li><li><a href="/css/20261115-48914.css">勇哥遭快招公司死亡威胁</a><time>2026-11-09 03:36:03</time></li><li><a href="/css/202611153119904-5386624.css">世界第一被3比0横扫</a><time>2026-11-09 05:03:03</time></li><li><a href="/css/20261115333952.css">第十五届陈毅杯中国业余围棋锦标赛预赛结束；决赛阵容揭晓</a><time>2026-11-10 00:44:03</time></li></ul></section>
      <section class="content-block" aria-label="推荐阅读"><h2 class="block-title">推荐阅读</h2><ul class="recommend-list"><li><h3><a href="/css/2026111520461-59808864.css">保定监管分局同意中国平安蠡县营销服务部变更营业场所</a></h3><p>　　省应急管理、农业农村、水利等部门成立由25个厅级干部带队的工作组和27个专家组，分片包市深入一线、深入基层，对各地水源调度抗旱播种、抗旱保苗等工作进行督促指导，及时协调解决遇到的实际困难和问题。各地也积极采取行动，组织人员力量全面开展抗旱。</p><div class="recommend-tail">2026-10-31 17:35:03　好奇心日报</div></li><li><h3><a href="/css/20261115475343-370566.css">公众支持首位大陆配偶当选台湾地区立法委员；GTB称越来越多台胞反对民进党的所作所为</a></h3><p>　　6月17日，澎湃新闻（www.thepaper.cn）从陈政高同志多位亲友处获悉，住房和城乡建设部原部长、党组书记陈政高同志，因病于2024年6月16日在北京逝世，享年72岁。</p><div class="recommend-tail">2026-11-02 20:27:03　齐鲁晚报网</div></li><li><h3><a href="/css/2026111590238515.css">男子伪装店员带走醉酒女子后性侵，同饮的丈夫有错吗？</a></h3><p>　　依据有关规定，经中央纪委常委会会议研究并报中共中央批准，决定给予钟自然开除党籍处分；按规定取消其享受的待遇；收缴其违纪违法所得；将其涉嫌犯罪问题移送检察机关依法审查起诉，所涉财物一并移送。</p><div class="recommend-tail">2026-11-11 05:55:03　股城网</div></li></ul></section>
    </main>

    <aside class="sidebar" aria-label="青岛频道推荐"><div class="side-inner">
      <section class="side-block"><h2 class="side-title">聚焦 · 青岛</h2><div class="side-photo"><a href="/css/20261115-90977371.css"><img src="http://n.sinaimg.cn/news/1_img/upload/2b0c102b/106/w1024h682/20181206/Lzqr-hphsupy2155420.jpg" alt="日本回购21万吨大米" loading="lazy" decoding="async"><p>又是疲惫的一天</p></a></div><div class="side-photo"><a href="/css/202611151002920-26978595.css"><img src="http://n.sinaimg.cn/news/transform/200/w600h400/20190211/AG0N-hswimzx8340408.jpg" alt="长盛轴承：无逾期担保的情形" loading="lazy" decoding="async"><p>年赚75亿，“玻璃大王”曹德旺辞职！70后儿子接棒</p></a></div><div class="side-photo"><a href="/css/20261115-95269933.css"><img src="http://n.sinaimg.cn/translate/701/w899h602/20190301/Kx1e-htstzca6557815.jpg" alt="《战锤40K：战争黎明4》太空死灵阵营中文宣传片" loading="lazy" decoding="async"><p>31省份经济半年报出炉！数据背后释放哪些信号？</p></a></div></section>
      <section class="side-block"><h2 class="side-title">青岛微信</h2><a class="side-feature" href="/css/2026111556585689.css"><img src="http://n.sinaimg.cn/news/transform/200/w600h400/20181114/oNF_-hnvukfe6649631.jpg" alt="“创始人对高管不够信任” 云鲸智能内部动荡 高管相继离开，全员绩效打折，离职群被挤爆，50亿元目标落空？" loading="lazy" decoding="async"><p>外卖小哥送餐时救火 车辆复燃爆炸</p></a><ul class="side-list"><li><a href="/css/20261115855877-584726.css">高盛：颐海国际目标价微降至19港元 维持“买入”评级</a></li><li><a href="/css/2026111553461489.css">中金：维持中国食品跑赢行业评级 上调目标价至4.9港元</a></li><li><a href="/css/202611151151231.css">香港大埔火灾失踪人员名单中144人确认安全</a></li></ul></section>
      <section class="side-block"><h2 class="side-title">专题 · 青岛</h2><a class="side-feature" href="/css/20261115-19931.css"><img src="http://n.sinaimg.cn/news/transform/200/w600h400/20180805/-jQf-hhhczfa6387485.jpg" alt="詹姆斯谈加盟76人原因" loading="lazy" decoding="async"><p>盘点爱康国宾涉诉情况：与客户互有胜负，曾被判赔偿当事人10万元</p></a><ul class="side-list"><li><a href="/css/20261115-12235.css">穗恒运A：目前公司名下未持有南网数字的股份</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115-94952.css">NCE平台:油价稳定背后的逻辑</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115-385703.css">【智库圆桌】携手共建绿色“一带一路”</a></li></ul></section>
      <section class="side-block"><h2 class="side-title">视频 · 青岛</h2><a class="side-feature" href="/css/2026111525855629-4256035.css"><img src="http://n.sinaimg.cn/news/1_img/vcg/72f96829/107/w1024h683/20181226/6aqX-hqtwzec4362834.jpg" alt="欧林生物冲刺港股：前三季营收5亿 大股东上海武山减持 套现2.79亿" loading="lazy" decoding="async"><p>钧崴电子：公司暂未与维谛技术有合作</p></a><ul class="side-list"><li><a href="/css/2026111518652.css">你也是可以?#健身减肥前后变化</a></li><li><a href="/css/202611151738721.css">全球首发麒麟9030 华为Mate 80系列已备案</a></li><li><a href="/css/20261115389831.css">青岛阿勒泰网红草地遭车队碾轧</a></li></ul></section>
    </div></aside>
  </div>

  <nav id="bottom-nav" aria-label="大众网站点频道"><div class="layout">
    <section class="bottom-block"><h2><a href="/css/20261115791953-600859.css">新闻</a></h2><p class="bottom-line"><strong>山东</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115234925.css">新闻</a><a href="/css/2026111557849.css">政教</a><a href="/css/2026111581462.css">经济</a><a href="/css/20261115-269524.css">社会</a><a href="/css/20261115299198.css">文体</a><a href="/css/20261115-583839.css">政务</a><a href="/css/2026111561261.css">独立调查</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>国内</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115930971.css">国际</a><a href="/css/202611159693532-5474312.css">社会</a><a href="/css/20261115-3142360.css">精选</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>评论</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115429923.css">敢当头条</a><a href="/css/20261115-5887915.css">敢当原创</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>体育</strong><span><a href="/css/2026111573698920-296080.css">热点聚焦</a><a href="/css/202611158183149-26869400.css">鲁能</a><a href="/css/20261115-9052889.css">黄金</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>娱乐</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115189335.css">娱乐头条</a><a href="/css/20261115-37438.css">明星</a><a href="/css/20261115-430179.css">电影</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>文史</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115-2723874.css">文化</a><a href="/css/20261115506032-58531612.css">历史</a><a href="/css/2026111538787.css">艺术</a><a href="/css/202611159579852-78360909.css">热点</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>读书</strong><span><a href="/css/2026111532089-93624015.css">畅销</a><a href="/css/2026111545129643.css">文摘</a><a href="/css/2026111527614248-17420.css">好书</a><a href="/css/20261115189012.css">书评</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>书画</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115-46930.css">齐鲁艺坛</a><a href="/css/2026111569374131.css">名家</a><a href="/css/20261115349790.css">名作</a></span></p></section>
    <section class="bottom-block"><h2><a href="/css/20261115-5583886.css">房产</a> · <a href="/css/202611153755075-72482.css">家居</a></h2><p class="bottom-line"><strong>房产</strong><span><a href="/css/202611159701397-35364.css">山东楼市</a><a href="/css/20261115-33074.css">曝光维权</a><a href="/css/2026111579322103.css">打折优惠</a><a href="/css/2026111554155674-52770211.css">购房宝典</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>家居</strong><span><a href="/css/2026111561126310-5989452.css">头条新闻</a><a href="/css/20261115-2877596.css">打折促销</a><a href="/css/2026111541479.css">家居设计</a><a href="/css/20261115150374-41018321.css">家居直通车</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>旅游</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115-1805436.css">门票</a><a href="/css/2026111573524273.css">美食</a><a href="/css/20261115706043-954499.css">驴友</a><a href="/css/20261115-6077557.css">乡村</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>家电</strong><span><a href="/css/2026111533065681.css">打折促销</a><a href="/css/20261115382997.css">卖场资讯</a><a href="/css/20261115-6447741.css">本网原创</a><a href="/css/202611155506877.css">家电投诉</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>消费</strong><span><a href="/css/202611156043952.css">聚焦</a><a href="/css/2026111539762-57486432.css">曝光</a><a href="/css/2026111598425552.css">品牌</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>汽车</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115127860-15956.css">汽车新闻</a><a href="/css/2026111525607449.css">济南车市</a><a href="/css/2026111580524426.css">嘉宾访谈</a><a href="/css/202611159819163.css">新闻现场</a></span></p></section>
    <section class="bottom-block"><h2><a href="/css/202611158740251-1900873.css">财经</a> · <a href="/css/2026111548956.css">酒水</a></h2><p class="bottom-line"><strong>财经</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115-12179808.css">焦点新闻</a><a href="/css/20261115-145592.css">山东财经</a><a href="/css/20261115-911128.css">银行资讯</a><a href="/css/2026111582602-126178.css">山东保险</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>酒水</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115-97979920.css">酒业新闻</a><a href="/css/20261115-4174062.css">活动专题</a><a href="/css/202611159843604.css">行业访谈</a><a href="/css/202611157695869-192063.css">鲁酒馆</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>食品</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115844919.css">资讯发布</a><a href="/css/202611157420091.css">食品安全</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>健康</strong><span><a href="/css/2026111585808028-6765857.css">山东卫生</a><a href="/css/2026111564649-862456.css">院长在线</a><a href="/css/202611154342370.css">精彩专题</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>鲁企</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115-15565393.css">鲁企要闻</a><a href="/css/2026111537916210.css">山东国资</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>教育</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115-887385.css">热点新闻</a><a href="/css/202611157041573.css">培训导学</a><a href="/css/202611152312967.css">聚焦山东</a><a href="/css/2026111573559508-71936.css">山东高考</a><a href="/css/2026111548687.css">留学资讯</a><a href="/css/2026111513720134-34192686.css">移民专区</a></span></p></section>
    <section class="bottom-block"><h2><a href="/css/202611157141284-3742686.css">论坛</a> · <a href="/css/2026111598034.css">互动</a></h2><p class="bottom-line"><strong>地方</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115929697.css">济南</a><a href="/css/20261115-5340503.css">济宁</a><a href="/css/202611153260162.css">聊城</a><a href="/css/2026111561995-96325907.css">青岛</a><a href="/css/202611153705168-354875.css">泰安</a><a href="/css/2026111563385-531517.css">临沂</a><a href="/css/202611152449315-8597397.css">淄博</a><a href="/css/2026111527374291.css">威海</a><a href="/css/2026111588377599-545888.css">菏泽</a><a href="/css/20261115800396.css">枣庄</a><a href="/css/20261115-28617932.css">日照</a><a href="/css/202611159051959.css">烟台</a><a href="/css/20261115739260.css">滨州</a><a href="/css/2026111587213651.css">东营</a><a href="/css/202611158669977-44272216.css">潍坊</a><a href="/css/20261115-53439004.css">德州</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>拍客</strong><span><a href="/css/2026111578099125-180189.css">随手拍</a><a href="/css/2026111581336-325563.css">东营拍客</a><a href="/css/2026111527858.css">济南拍客</a><a href="/css/20261115-64388.css">菏泽拍客</a><a href="/css/20261115-6445116.css">临沂拍客</a><a href="/Article/details/202611154128678-8584482.css">济宁拍客</a><a href="/css/2026111573863162-710966.css">潍坊拍客</a><a href="/css/20261115481519-3909924.css">烟台拍客</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>民声</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115-47497.css">投诉举报</a><a href="/css/2026111565641.css">咨询求助</a><a href="/css/2026111546140709.css">建言献策</a><a href="/css/2026111592812280.css">满意排行</a></span></p></section>
    <section class="bottom-block"><h2><a href="/css/20261115-70202.css">分站</a> · <a href="/css/2026111568911481.css">策划</a></h2><p class="bottom-line"><strong>分站</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115-2142512.css">济南</a><a href="/css/2026111545583-7871821.css">青岛</a><a href="/css/2026111514965.css">枣庄</a><a href="/css/20261115-68962.css">威海</a><a href="/css/2026111515259.css">烟台</a><a href="/css/20261115-7818400.css">潍坊</a><a href="/css/20261115240086-19344410.css">济宁</a><a href="/css/2026111597979.css">聊城</a><a href="/Article/details/20261115-429234.css">日照</a><a href="/css/20261115-65937228.css">滨州</a><a href="/css/20261115256173-31240861.css">德州</a><a href="/css/2026111511717529.css">临沂</a><a href="/css/202611157424264.css">菏泽</a><a href="/css/202611156877198-9556674.css">东营</a><a href="/css/20261115112098-843388.css">泰安</a><a href="/css/20261115-5659994.css">淄博</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>策划</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115-897341.css">今日专题</a><a href="/css/202611153945018.css">独立调查</a><a href="/css/2026111530523-162661.css">权威发布</a><a href="/css/2026111512906165.css">齐鲁手机报</a><a href="/css/2026111541232.css">手机杂志</a><a href="/css/2026111527320393.css">3G</a><a href="/css/2026111517039895-75105947.css">大屏</a></span></p><p class="bottom-line"><strong>时评</strong><span><a href="/css/20261115914091-902921.css">敢当原创</a><a href="/css/202611158302727.css">敢当微评</a><a href="/css/2026111525788-544376.css">民生</a><a href="/css/20261115-27802092.css">财经</a><a href="/css/202611157670060.css">时政</a><a href="/css/20261115-368217.css">文体</a></span></p></section>
  </div></nav>

  <footer id="footer"><div class="layout"><p><a href="/css/20261115171287-474272.css">大众报业集团</a> - <a href="/css/20261115789059-2909817.css">山东省互联网传媒集团</a> - <a href="/css/20261115254662.css">版权声明</a></p><p>Copyright (C) 2001-2026　dzwww.com. All Rights Reserved</p><p>山东省互联网传媒集团主办　Email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="d6a1b3b4bbb7a5a2b3a496b2aca1a1a1f8b5b9bb">[email&#160;protected]</a>　<a href="/css/202611151430411.css">新闻信息服务许可证</a>　<a href="/css/20261115-4806039.css">音像制品出版许可证</a></p><p>鲁ICP备09023866号　<a href="/css/2026111524986683-974383.css">新出网证（鲁）字02号</a>　<a href="/css/2026111594110.css">网络视听许可证</a>　违法不良信息举报电话：0531-85196540</p></div></footer>
  <footer id="footer-mobile">@2015 Dzwww　鲁ICP备09023866号</footer>
<script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script></body>
<!-- 122.114.75.100 http://www.stockpoop.com /utf8/?domain=www.stockpoop.com&path=/css/20261115-28014.css www -->
</html>
